ADHD Medication Should Antihypertensive Drugs Be Used Free Essays

Throughout the 1980’s, several published research papers suggested that antihypertensive drugs can be used to effectively manage ADHD symptoms, particularly hyperactive behavior and violent tendencies. It was found that anti-hypertensive drugs clonidine and guanfacine can improve the brain’s use of dopamine and inhibit the production of too much norepinephrine. Clonidine was also discovered to be better than stimulants at reducing hyperactivity, impulsivity, and mood swings. We will write a custom essay sample on ADHD Medication: Should Antihypertensive Drugs Be Used? or any similar topic only for you Order Now But are these ADHD medications necessarily safer than stimulant drugs? There are many kinds of drugs that reduce blood pressure through different mechanisms. Some reduce the vigor of heart contractions while others lower the amount of fluid in the blood. The anti-hypertensive medications for ADHD lower blood pressure by affecting the nervous system. To be specific, they prevent the release of norepinephrine, the neurotransmitter that boosts heart rate when the body’s fight or flight response gets activated. By inhibiting norepinephrine’s release, the medicine can calm down a hyperactive child. It’s very likely that the desirable effects of anti-hypertensive drugs are due to its sedative properties; drowsiness and fatigue are two of the most common side effects of clonidine. Studies also show that these medicines do not improve short attention spans and productivity. To combat this, there was a trend where doctors prescribed anti-hypertensives with the stimulant methylphenidate, found in the popular ADHD drug Ritalin. Unfortunately, this practice resulted in the death of several children. Although a medical investigation was unable to come up with evidence that the deaths were due to these drugs, many prominent doctors started questioning the value of treating ADHD with antihypertensives and methylphenidate, considering that its long-term effects and safety are poorly studied. When used alone, anti-hypertensive medications may have some potentially worrisome side effects. Since these drugs are designed to prevent hypertension, the drug may cause low blood pressure and interferes with heartbeat, which may increase the risk of heart conditions. Its sedative effects can also impair thinking and slow down motor skills, which pose safety problems for ADHD sufferers who drive or operate heavy machinery. On the other hand, anti-hypertensive medications do not have the addictive potential of stimulants and will not cause heart failure by itself. Of all the medications used to treat ADHD, anti-hypertensives seem to have the least dangerous risks. However, these risks are very real and still have the potential to be life-threatening. Consider the pros and cons very carefully before deciding to treat your child’s ADHD with proper medicinal remedies. How to cite ADHD Medication: Should Antihypertensive Drugs Be Used?, Papers

Hazard Management Plan for Sidney Community Hospital †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Hazard Management Plan for Sidney Community Hospital. Answer: Introduction Sidney Community Hospital is one of the established healthcare facilities in the country. Since its establishment, the facility has been playing a pivotal role in the delivery of healthcare services to the public. Initially, the hospital was specialized in the provision of essential healthcare services like Primary Health Care, pediatric, and cardiovascular care. However, as time went by, the hospital managed to expand its services. Today, it deals in other specialized care including cancer services, obstetric, renal, surgical, trauma, and general acute medical services. As an established organization, Sidney Community Hospital is a great employer. It has been employing a large number of people who are directly and indirectly involved in the provision of healthcare services to its clientele. These include the physicians, nurses, pharmacists, informatics, surgeons, midwives, pediatricians, administrators, mangers, and support services staff. The hospital has some hazards which have be en causing problems to the employees and other stakeholders within the workplace. Smoking as an Occupational Health and Safety Issue at the Hospital The management of Sidney Community Hospital has been commended to be responsible in the execution of its responsibilities. The hospital has been having a strong and well-organized Human Resources Department which has been playing a significant role in the management of the organizations human resources. The professional manner in which the employees have been handled has made the hospital to motivate the workers to continue serving the organization. As an employer, Sidney Hospital has been doing everything within its capacity to enhance the quality of its services (Pierson, 2012). Nevertheless, despite this, the hospital has not managed to completely eradicate certain hazards which are associated with the workplace. One of the areas which the management has totally failed to eradicate is the practice of smoking. A recent survey conducted at the hospital revealed that the hospital has a large number of employees and clients who are engaged in smoking. This has made smoking to be a maj or challenge in the hospital. The smokers have developed a tendency of engaging in practice while in the hospital despite knowing that it is a harmful activity that should not be done in public places such as healthcare facilities. In fact, two out of ten employees are engaging in smoking while at the workplace. This means that smoking has become a major issue of concern because it affects nearly all the employees and clients to which it is exposed. Smoking is one of the risky behaviors which should be avoided because it causes lots of problems to the people (Chen Wang, 2014). The practice of smoking at the hospital should therefore be considered as an environmental hazard which affects the males, females, adults, children, and the elderly persons to whom it is exposed. Research has proven that smoking can affect nearly all the body organs. Smoking is a hazard that has been making it challenging to work at the hospital. To smokers, smoking is a prestigious activity that should not be stopped once it is started. It is an addictive behavior which becomes difficult to stop. However, although it has been associated with pleasure and other perceived benefits, smoking is a very dangerous practice that should be avoided at all costs. When people engage in smoking in the workplace, they not only affect themselves. Instead, they extend the harmful effects of other people who get it through second-hand smoking. The nicotine substance in the cigarettes can cause a wide range of diseases such as asthma, stomach cancer, cancer of the throat, cancer of the larynx, cancer of the mouth, lung cancer, and cancer of the pancreas, breast cancer, chronic bronchitis, low birth weight, emphysema, heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, blindness, gum infections, and stroke. The risks can be accessed through survey. Surveys are conducted by interviewing the employees, management and clients. Current Hazard Management Strategies for Sidney Community Hospital Although smoking is still practiced in the hospital, the management of Sidney Community Hospital has been concerned about. The management has been considering smoking as an occupational and health safety issue that should not be ignored. However, it has not been considered as a priority area in comparison to other safety hazards like chemical, biological, and physical hazards which cause severe injuries, and fatalities in the workplace. The recognition given to smoking has made the management to come up with certain measures to manage it and possibly prevent it from being practiced because it interferes with the environment in which the employees and clients operate. The first strategy that has been applied in the management of smoking in the workplace is the development of organizational internal policies which mainly address the protection of the environment. In its clean environment policy, the management has clearly outlined that smoking is a hazardous activity that has a potential of causing diseases, and even death to the smokers and non-smokers as well. The employees and clients are therefore supposed to observe certain regulations when they want to smoke. The most important thing to do is to consider smoking as a harmful activity that should not be done in the public. Hospital is a public facility that is used by many people (Butler Wilson, 2015). Therefore, the management has been appealing to the smokers not to smoke in the hospital because it can cause the problem to all the hospital users especially the highly-susceptible non-smokers who can be affected from the practice due to second-hand smoking. Apart from applying its internal policies in the management of smoking hazards, the management of Sidney Community Hospital has been trying to enforce the smoking legislations and occupational safety and health regulations governing the use of cigarettes in the workplace. Over the years, the commonwealth government of Australia and territory governments has been enacting legislations which govern the use of cigarettes in the workplace and other public spaces (Frederickson Ghere, 2013). Such laws have been imposing certain bans which have been lauded for regulating smoking and making the environment to be a safe place for human beings especially the innocent non-smokers who should not be exposed to smoking-related hazards. The application of these legislations has also helped the organization to regulate the use of cigarettes in the workplace (Huarng Ribeiro-Soriano, 2014). They have made smokers to refrain from the activity because it is harmful and can hazardous in the workplace. A healthcare facility should have an environment which is conducive for all the users because it can facilitate the recovery process (McFarlin Sweeney, 2014). This notwithstanding, the management of Sidney Community Hospital has been engaging in the training of its employees and clients. The department of Public Relations has been collaborating with the HRM to design a training program for all the stakeholders especially the employees who are engaging or planning to engage in smoking activities while at the workplace. The training has been revolving around important areas like the causes, addiction, dangers, and quitting strategies for smoking (McClellan, et al., 2014). The training program has been effective in the management of smoking activities because it creates awareness to the employees on what to do while at the workplace. Information is a very powerful tool that should be applied in the workplace (Dubey Singhal, 2016). When people are knowledgeable, they can make informed decisions which are aimed at making positive changes in the organization. It is for this reason why the manageme3nt has been insisting on periodical training pr ograms (Zwietering, Ross Gorris, 2014). It is the best strategy to elicit the required behavior change in the employees. Hazard Management Plan for Sidney Community Hospital Smoking still remains a major issue of concern in the workplace because the management strategies so far applied in the organization have not been effective in addressing it. The strategies should be changed and improved so as to make them effective and efficient in providing an ultimate solution to the persistent problem of smoking at the workplace. Smoking is a hazard that should be ultimately eradicated from the workplace because its continuity will further cause a negative impact on the hospital (Hill, Jones Schilling, 2014). The management should show a lot of concern because smoking is a hazard which should be treated as a priority area in the workplace (Purce, 2014). Anything which contaminates the environment should not be entertained because it is the environment which is relied upon to facilitate the recovery process for the patients. It is therefore recommended that the management should take the following measures: To begin with, the management of Sidney Community Hospital should institute an Occupational Safety Health Department to exclusively deal with occupational safety and health-related matters in the workplace (De Young, et al., 2014). The analysis conducted shows that workplace safety issues have been manned by the HR and Public Relations departments. However, this is not effective because these departments do not have well-trained professionals to properly manage workplace hazards. The suggestion should therefore be considered for adoption because it can help in addressing all the hazards which are experienced in the workplace (Killen, Jugdev, Drouin Petit, 2012). Through this department, the management can manage to get the required manpower which can be relied upon to address all the smoking-related hazards which have been troubling the organization (Ward Peppard, 2016). Occupational safety experts can conduct research to find out the best strategies that can be applied to help in the management of the hazardous practice. The success in the eradication of smoking hazards is only dependent on the seriousness of the management. If the management is concerned about it, the practice will be ultimately eradicated because the employees who practice it will have to be encouraged and empowered to stop it (Baden Higgs, 2015). In addition, the management of Sidney Community Hospital can fully-eradicate the practice of smoking by improving on its training and educational programs. The fact that the practice is still going on implies that the strategies applied have not been effective. The training programs which have been in use have not been properly done (Tweedie Holley, 2016). Therefore, it should be upon the management to redesign its training strategies by making different changes. For example, the content of the training programs should be changed to include the dangers of smoking and second-hand smoking in the workplace (Dubey Singhal, 2016). At the same time, employees should be encouraged to retrain from smoking no matter how they are because it has no benefit at all. if this is properly done, smoking will be eradicated because the employees will be convinced to stop the practice because it negatively impact on them, their colleagues, patients, carers, and the organization at large. However, for training to be successful, it should be provided during orientation and periodically (Kim, Lee, Chun Benbasat, 2014). Sometimes, the management should seek for the services of consultants and external resource persons to train its workforce on smoking and its related hazards. Finally, the management of Sidney Community Hospital should consider changing its internal policies to make them effective in addressing the problem of smoking in the workplace (Shih, Young Bucher, 2013). As it is today, the organization has got certain policies which are not effective in addressing the hazard. The policies formulated have been seeking to address the issue of smoking in the workplace. The rules do not prohibit, but merely discourages the practice. Meaning, employees can engage in smoking in the workplace as long as it is done by following certain procedures such as doing it in the designated smoking zones within the hospital. These regulations have not been effectively enforced because there is no monitoring at all. The people who violate these regulations are not punished therefore encouraging them to continue floating the rules. Therefore, to deal with the menace, the management should change its policies and introduce new rules to govern the smoking in the workpl ace (Chhokar, Brodbeck House, 2013). Once the rules are introduced, they should be stringently enforced by closely monitoring the smokers, and severely punishing the violators. The outcome of this plan is that there will be a reduction in the hazard in the workplace (Nummer, et al., 2015). No employee or client will suffer from the hazard anymore because there will be a change in behavior. Conclusion Occupational safety and health issues should always be taken seriously in every workplace. The management should be at the fore front of creating a safe environment for all the stakeholders because it is necessary for the delivery of satisfactory services. Smoking has been fronted as one of the major issues of concern in many organizations such as Sidney Community Hospital. The practice of smoking should be considered as a hazard which can cause a wide range of illnesses both to the smokers and non-smokers who get affected through second-hand smoking. However, it is an unnecessary habit which can be ultimately addressed if appropriate measures are taken. Despite coming up with noble anti-smoking policies, the organization has not managed to completely eradicate the smoking hazard from its premises. A large number of employees and clients are still engaging in smoking within the hospital. To ultimately address the hazard, the management should re-energize its occupational safety and h ealth measures by redesigning its policies to make them more effective than they currently are. This will instill order in the workplace and make the hospital to be a smoking-free organization which is safe for everyone including the employees, patients, and the general public. References Baden, D., Higgs, M. (2015). Challenging the perceived wisdom of management theories and practice. Academy of Management Learning Education, 14(4), 539-555. Butler, R., Wilson, D. C. (2015). Managing voluntary and non-profit organizations: Strategy and structure. London: Routledge. Chen, R. Wang, H.M. (2014). Research on organization structure and operation efficiency of extreme floods emergency management under bureaucracy-cooperation system: Taking Huaihe River Basin as a case. In 2014 International Conference on Management Science Engineering 21th Annual Conference Proceedings (pp. 2095-2101). IEEE. Chhokar, J. S., Brodbeck, F. C., House, R. J. (Eds.). (2013). Culture and leadership across the world: The GLOBE book of in-depth studies of 25 societies. New York: Routledge. De Young, A. C., et al., (2014). Prospective evaluation of parent distress following pediatric burns and identification of risk factors for young child and parent posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 24(1), 9-17. Dubey, A., Singhal, A. K. (2016). Role of organisational structure in empolyee's empowerment. International Journal of Education and Management Studies, 6(1), 110. Frederickson, H.G. Ghere, R.K. (2013). Ethics in public management, ME Sharpe: New York. Hill, C. W., Jones, G. R., Schilling, M. A. (2014). Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning. Huarng, K. H., Ribeiro-Soriano, D. E. (2014). Developmental management: Theories, methods, and applications in entrepreneurship, innovation, and sensemaking. Journal of Business Research, 67(5), 657-662. Killen, C.P., Jugdev, K., Drouin, N., Petit, Y. (2012). Advancing project and portfolio management research: Applying strategic management theories. International Journal of Project Management, 30(5), 525-538. Kim, T.H., Lee, J.N., Chun, J.U. Benbasat, I. (2014). Understanding the effect of knowledge management strategies on knowledge management performance: A contingency perspective. Information management, 51(4), pp.398-416. McFarlin, D., Sweeney, P.D. (2014). International Management: Strategic Opportunities Cultural Challenges. Routledge. McClellan, M., et al. (2014). Accountable care around the world: a framework to guide reform strategies. Health Affairs, 33(9), pp.1507-1515. Nummer, B., et al., (2015). Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP). In Regulatory Foundations for the Food Protection Professional. Springer: New York. Pierson, M.D., (2012). HACCP: principles and applications. Springer Science Business Media: New York. Purce, J. (2014). The impact of corporate strategy on human resource management. New Perspectives on Human Resource Management (Routledge Revivals), 67. Shih, M., Young, M.J. Bucher, A. (2013) Working to reduce the effects of discrimination: Identity management strategies in organizations. American Psychologist, 68(3), p.145. Tweedie, D. Holley, S. (2016). The subversive craft worker: Challenging disutility theories of management control. Human Relations, p.0018726716628971. Ward, J., Peppard, J. (2016). The Strategic Management of Information Systems: Building a Digital Strategy. New York: John Wiley Sons. Zwietering, M.H., Ross, T. Gorris, L.G.M., (2014). Food safety assurance systems: Microbiological testing, sampling plans, and microbiological criteria. In Encyclopedia of Food Safety, Volume 4: Food Safety Management (pp. 244-253). Academic Press.

Forgiveness Essays - Virtue, Emotions, Forgiveness, Mythology

Forgiveness Forgiveness, What can it do? by Jennifer Loeffler Nearly every person on the earth holds a grudge or emotion inside of him or her self that tears them apart. The feeling of mistrust, hurt, and anger wrapped into one ball. This may seem all too familiar, however not one human being can deny holding one of these feelings at some point in time. Of all the diseases and illnesses this plagues all the people of the world. I'm talking about the emotions we hold inside until we forgive the one who had caused pain on our life. How much can a person forgive? This is the question that we all must ask ourselves. This is the question that Mitchell Wright had to ask himself. We all recall the event that took place on March 34 of last year (1998). That was the day that two middle school boys decided to play sniper. Mitchell Johnson and Andrew Golden killed four of their classmates and one teacher, Mrs. Wright. Four families lost a child and one son lost his mother. Mitchell Johnson and Andrew Golden pulled the fire alarm to lure the students and teachers outside, they planned to shoot above the heads of their classmates and teachers, however that is far from what it seemed. Though the two boys cried that they only planned to only give students and teachers a scare, they fired 22 shots. Five shots, fired by Johnson, directly hit one student in the head, two girls in the knee area, and Mrs. Wright in the chest and knee area. This did not and to this day does not feel or look like a joke. So how can those families go on? How is Mitchell Wright going to explain to his son how why is mother is gone? Most importantly, how will those two boys be forgiven for taking the lives of five loved and loving people? The answer to all of these is in one word, forgiveness. This word hold much more than the words, I forgive you, I'm sorry, rather they involve reaching in to the bottom of your heart and soul, and confrontation. These two may not seem to go together but more than we realize, they do. Research and facilities have been created and built to study the effects that forgiving and not forgiving have on people. Everett Worthington is the director of the Templeton Foundation Campaign for Forgiveness Research. Worthington is a psychologist in Virginia who studies the physiological effects of forgiveness among chimpanzees and on the pulse and sweat glands of humans. Imagine sitting in a chair with electrodes stuck to your head, a tone plays in the back round and a memory comes to mind, one that you hold a grudge for, and you begin to act it out. Another tone plays and a pleasant memory of empathizing comes to mind. For 16 seconds you rehearse each memory that is brought on by a different tone, while your heart rate and blood pressure are constantly measured. This is what would happen if you were to volunteer at the research facilities at Templeton. Those who did volunteer were subject to this testing, and for many it was a lesson to learn that they need to forgive. The results of the heart ate and blood pressure showed robust differences between those memories that were tied to a grudge versus those that were tied with forgiveness. This was not surprising to some but for others it was a slap in the face. Robert Enright, a few years ago, trashed the idea that forgiveness had any effect on health. He was quoted as saying, 'Only wimps forgive'. Enright is a psychology at the University of Wisconsin, now says that they 'are really on a roll'. With the results showing that the stress level was significantly higher when a person considered revenge. Although the person may laugh and joke about such and event internally the signs show that it is harmful if enough is endured. So what does this have to do with Mitchell Wright? Mitchell Wright is faced with a very hard issue. With his wife murdered by two young boys, and a son asking when she is going to

We Are Not Here To Hate One Another †Creative Writing Essay

We Are Not Here To Hate One Another – Creative Writing Essay Free Online Research Papers We Are Not Here To Hate One Another Creative Writing Essay The lady was pouring with tears. She wiped her lashes and spoke with grief, â€Å"They are beasts. It is insult to humanity to call them human beings. Those who kill innocent people are animals†. The camera moved from the tearful lady and moved towards the scene where the blood and human flesh was scattered everywhere. Destruction and barbarism were omnipresent. The head and clothes of the volunteers were blood stained. The dead bodies were present on streets, foot paths and stairs. The people watching the scene were scared. The camera focused the reporter. The reporter wiped his eyes and lamented, â€Å"These were the deadliest explosions in the history of London after the World War II. As Americans can not forget 9/11, 7/7 has been imprinted on the hearts of every Londoner. These blood stains can not be washed even by the water of seven seas†, and the reporter started crying. Everyone was having wet eyes. The reported was right. The words of the British leady were true. The views from the camera covering blood, flesh and wounded were true. 7/7 was a day of barbarism, insult to humanity and terrorism. No doubt, the persons killing innocent people are animals, they are beast and disgrace to the mankind. No sensible person in the world, none having a human heart, none with a belief in humanity and mankind would justify the 9/11 or 7/7 acts. No conscientious and sensible person would favour such actions. The killing whether of a white or black, of a Christian or a Muslim, Iraqi or an American, it is simply killing. Terrorism in any part of the world is terrorism. It is disgrace for humanity and murder of civilization. There can never be a second opinion. However, with all this in view, we have to decide whether human beings only live in London. Are only those people innocent who live in New York, London or Tel Aviv? Is the dead body of only a white man, Tom, Dick or Henry, respectable? Are only Tim, Jim and Bush human being? And anything done against only these people is terrorism. Are only explosions in Central London barbarism? It is the point to ponder whether only American and British mothers may be called mothers, only white and red children be called children. Are only Eng lish speaking people human beings? Only the screams from the red lips are real, the pain affects only white skin, only western people suffer. It has to be decided whether Afghan blood is blood or not, the dead bodies in Najaf, Mosul and Baghdad are human bodies or not? The mothers living in Gaza and West Bank are mothers or not? The children in Sudan are not human children, the screams emanating from the Guantamo Bay are not human screams. Just think, where was the humanity, when American bombers bombed at a marriage ceremony in Afghanistan, when a whole village was destroyed and there were 300 dead bodies of innocent elder people, women and children and the Pentagon simply announced that it was a ‘Mistake†. Believe it! the highest number of handicaps are living in Afghanistan, which is also known as the largest graveyard of human beings, today not a single Afghani is there who has not seen blood stained human bodies or who has not put a body in grave or who has not seen a wounded relative passing his last breathes in his arms. Whether they are the Torabora hills or the blind walls of the Fort Jangi, each and every inch of Afghanistan is an eyewitness to the American barbarism, terrorism and inhuman acts. It is to be questioned where was the humanity when innocent Afghans were tightly filled in containers and the containers were kept in the desert; when the death was hovered over Baghdad; when millions of tons of explosives were thrown over Mosul and Najaf; when the Iraqi women were kidnapped and their naked bodies were found in the desert; when the dogs were unleashed on human beings in the Abu Gharib prison; when the human faces were masked with underwears; when the human beings were forced to drink human blood; when the innocent faces were rubbed with shit; when the woundeds were thrown among deads; and when innocent people were bound with electric wires and forced to stand. Where were the human activists, human rights commissions and th e civilization philanthropists when every house in Palestine was digging graves for its dwellers; when infants were being blown with guns; when the villages as a whole were being bulldozed and when kids were being handed over to their mothers with explosives attached to their bodies. Where were all the cameras and the reporters; where were all these tears and screams; why these people did not think at that moment that the death is terrible for every human being. Why people forget that the pain and blood have no religion, no cast and no theology. These are simply human bodies and human screams. It is difficult to understand why these people do not try to understand the emotions behind the actions. These people still designate the Palestinians, Iraqi and Afghans’ deaths as insignificant deaths; muslim bodies as low value bodies while American and British deads are significant and of higher value. Why these people differentiate between an Afghani mother and a British mother . Why don’t they treat an aggressor as aggressor and a grieved as a grieved person. The world can never be the same again unless we start respecting human beings; respect others and be respected. There is no second class citizen on this planet. Every human being is a first class citizen of this world. If America has a right for pre-emptive strike, so do the others. We have to learn from the fate of the League of Nations. Now UN is being forced to follow the same path. We all have to work hard to make this earth a part of the Heaven. Why only those people have to fight who believe in the Divine religions. God never created human beings to hate each other. 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Project Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 3

Project Management - Essay Example It is important to understand that there is a relationship between the three basic constraints of a project: time, cost, scope. Difficulty arises due to the fact that management of a project requires that the project's Scope, Schedule and Cost are managed simultaneously. A common mistake that project managers often make is that they don't realize the critical relationship between these three elements. Since a project schedule is closely connected to the delivery time and scope of project as will be discussed in the latter sections of this paper, a little variation in the scope can affect delivery and in turn affect the success of the project. This edging forward of scope to accommodate more requirements that were not included in the initial planning of the project while maintaining the same time frame for project delivery, is referred to as Scope Creep. Scope creep can stultify a project and if uncurbed, can prove to be fatal for the project. Scope creep is frequently viewed as one of the top reasons for project failures. This paper will discuss Scope creep in details and will also highlight the reasons why it occurs and what are how it endangers success of an IT project. Scope creep is generally defined as "the propensity for a project to extend beyond its initial boundaries". It is the unexpected or uncalled-for expansion in the size of a project. When the customer's expectations change so that the previously agreed upon set of deliverables is exceeded in features or functionality, the project is said to be suffering from what is referred to as "scope creep". Scope creep appears during the course of a project in different ways. It can occur through many minor changes, or it can take place because of a profound change in approach to the design of the project. Regardless of how it takes place, scope creep is damaging to the overall project budget and schedule. It lead to cost and schedule overruns due to increased project scope. The outcome of scope creep is most likely extra design charges due to additional design work. The scope creep can be categorized into two types given below, based on the users who initiate changes to project scope: 1. Business Scope Creep 2. Technology Scope Creep 2.1. Business Scope Creep Systems are configured to solve the business needs of a company. Due to continuous changes in market dynamics, the requirements that were previously defined at the start of project may change. Outsourced or built by in-house development team, in all IT projects, the project team is expected to gather requirements from the users and other key stakeholders of the system. This requirements analysis phase is characterized by meetings, interviews, and questionnaires with the client about the existing system and what is expected in terms of functionality from the new system. In most cases, it is often difficult for business users to imagine or foresee the new system till they see it functional and running. Only then are they able to come up with some requirements for the system and not before that. When the users see the new system for the first time, changes may be needed because any new applications will at first be unknown to users. Many a times, the user perspective is to always look for things

Markiting Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Markiting - Assignment Example This is where the reader learns, what he has already anticipated from the title. The body should fully justify the topic, and this article’s body does just the same. This piece truly gives its readers, what it promises in the title. The reader gets to know the about the ‘failed bid’ of ‘Sharon Angel’ in the first paragraph. Each paragraph contains a strong topic sentence, which connects it with the last paragraph and smoothes way for the next one. The very first line of the article; ‘Is a vote worth $97?’ invites the reader to find out, what is the story behind it. This article also uses strong action verbs where appropriate, to move the audience along with the flow. This article, although written in past tense, provides an interesting account of the mid-term elections, and keeps the audience hang on to every word. This piece of writing also has an element of honesty. The writer has justly manifested what he/she believes to be the truth. This article contains integrity of opinions and feelings. It is also open and direct. It is neither lengthy nor ambiguous. This is a reader-friendly article. It is written in a kind of informal style, and immediately puts the reader at ease. It does not contain too many, too hard words, nor does it beat about the bush. It contains simple and short paragraphs making it easier to understand. This article is very edifying, providing complete information in easy terms that even a layman would understand. The theme of the article was kind of methodological, and required statistics and facts. It was not a fictional topic, where one could depict one’s opinions and thoughts. The writer made effective use of research to provide accurate facts and figures to clearly describe the ‘most expensive midterm election in U.S. history’. The writer has also provided the visual representation of the elections, and clear, concise tables that summarizes all the figures that could not be

FMC Green River case study Organizational Behavior Essay

FMC Green River case study Organizational Behavior - Essay Example In that case organizational change must be planned, monitored and controlled throughout its lifecycle, with completion occurring on full implementation and evaluation. Organizational change decisions are often complex, multi-faceted, and involve many different stakeholders with different priorities or objectives. Most people, when confronted with such a problem will attempt to use intuitive approaches to simplify complexity until the problem seems more manageable. In the process, important information may be lost, opposing points of view may be discarded, elements of uncertainty may be ignored -- in short, there are many reasons to expect that, on their own, individuals (either lay or expert) will often experience difficulty making informed, thoughtful choices about complex issues involving uncertainties and value tradeoffs. This fact, and the tendency of change issues to involve shared resources and broad constituencies, means that group decision processes are called for. These may have some advantages over individual processes: more perspectives may be put forward for consideration, the chances of having natural systematic thinkers involved is h igher, and groups may be able to rely upon the more deliberative, well-informed members. However, groups are also susceptible to the tendency to establish entrenched positions (defeating compromise initiatives) or to prematurely adopt a common perspective that excludes contrary information - a tendency termed "group think." (McDaniel's etal., 1999). For change management projects, decision makers may currently receive four types of technical input: modeling/monitoring, risk analysis, cost or cost benefit analysis, and stakeholders' preferences. However, current decision processes in Green River typically offer little guidance on how to integrate or judge the relative importance of information from each source. Also, information comes in different forms. While modeling and monitoring results are usually presented as quantitative estimates, risk assessment and cost-benefit analyses incorporate a higher degree of qualitative judgment by the project team. Structured information about st akeholder preferences must be presented to the decision-maker, and should be handled in a perfect manner that minimizes the difficulty of defending the decision process as reliable and fair. If the structured approaches are employed, they may be perceived as lacking the flexibility to adapt to localized concerns or faithfully represent minority viewpoints. As a result,